The coordination of human and technical processes using a systems approach is crucial to ensure the successful use of PRO data.

Using algorithms can predict postoperative adverse outcomes with a high degree of accuracy leading to better outcomes for the highest risk patients.

Successful implementation of CancelRx, an e-prescribing functionality to electronically communicate medication discontinuation orders between electronic health records and pharmacies, can improve medication safety and reduce adverse drug events.

Applying algorithms on free text in electronic health records can identify criteria for autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which improves earlier detection and treatment as well as research with large-scale data.

The use of an emergency department referral infrastructure including an electronic assessment of patients’ social needs (e.g., transportation, food, and housing assistance) can facilitate referrals for those in need and monitor population health post-discharge, which shows the potential of such infrastructure to improve health outcomes and reduce inappropriate emergency department usage.

Commercial off-the-shelf technology, including mobile phones and fitness trackers, can successfully engage disadvantaged patients to collect patient-generated health data and patient-reported outcomes that can be integrated into electronic health records to improve chronic disease care planning during clinical visits.

By characterizing common patterns in information availability, information use, and care planning by primary care providers during patient visits for chronic pain, researchers created new electronic health record-based decision support tools to guide clinicians’ perceptions and judgments of noncancer pain to increase use of guideline-based patient assessment and treatment.

The use of cognitive engineering systems methodology helps to better understand the interactions of the cognitive and workflow processes of frontline emergency medicine providers by affording new strategies for the design of health information technology (IT) solutions. These strategies not only strive to improve the effectiveness of clinical work in high-intensity medical environments, but also provide a guide to improve health IT implementations in the future.