Tree Diagram
Also Known As
Hierarchy Diagram
Tree Analysis
Description
A tree diagram breaks down one broad topic into increasing levels of granularity. It is a step-by-step process from general to specific.
Uses
When seeking a problem's root cause.
To take a general concept and move toward specific details.
When seeking several potential solutions to implementation issues.
How do I use this tool?
1. DEVELOP A STATEMENT of the topic being studied and write it at the top of a page.
2. ASK A QUESTION THAT WILL LEAD TO NEXT LEVEL OF DETAIL. Brainstorm and link answers with arrows.
3. DO A "NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT" CHECK to determine that the items on the current level are "necessary and sufficient" for the above level.
4. DO STEPS 2 AND 3 AGAIN, using the answers from step 3 as the new subject, to reveal the next level of detail.
5. CONTINUE TO TURN EACH NEW IDEA INTO A SUBJECT STATEMENT until you reach specific actionable elements.
6. DO A "NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT" CHECK of the entire diagram.
Expertise Required
This tool is easy to use and requires little or no training.
Advantages
Shows the logic of a support system.
Exposes knowledge gaps.
Allows a team to reach a common understanding of an issue.
Identifies important characteristics and parameters.
Shows various causes of a problem.
Disadvantages
May be difficult for complex processes.
Where can I go to learn more?
Bauer J, Duffy G, Westcott R. Improvement tools. The quality improvement handbook. 2nd ed. Milwaukee, WI: ASQ Quality Press; 2006. p. 109-48.
American Society for Quality. Seven new management and planning tools: tree diagram. 2009 [cited 2009 July 23]; Available from: http://www.asq.org/learn-about-quality/new-management-planning-tools/overview/tree-diagram.html
Lighter D. Process orientation in health care quality. In: Moore C, editor. Quality management in health care: principles and methods. 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers; 2004. p. 43-101.